Title:  And After Eight Days, His Disciples Were Again Inside

The text is, “Καὶ μεθ’ ἡμέρας ὀκτὼ πάλιν ἦσαν ἔσω οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ Θωμᾶς μετ αὐτῶν ἔρχεται ὁ Ἰησοῦς τῶν θυρῶν κεκλεισμένων καὶ ἔστη εἰς τὸ μέσον καὶ εἶπεν· εἰρήνη ὑμῖν”.

Καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

μεθ’ -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> after

ἡμέρας -> feminine, plural, accusative noun -> days

ὀ -> feminine, plural, accusative, cardinal adjective -> eight

πάλιν -> adverb -> again

ἦσαν -> third person, plural, imperfect, indicative verb -> were

ἔσω -> adverb -> inside

οἱ -> masculine, plural, nominative article -> the NRIEH*

μαθηταὶ -> masculine, plural, nominative noun -> disciples

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, genitive pronoun -> his

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

Θωμᾶς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Thomas

μετ’ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> with

αὐτῶν -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, genitive pronoun -> them

ἔρχεται -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> came

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

Ἰησοῦς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Jesus

τῶν -> feminine, plural, genitive article -> the

θυρῶν -> feminine, plural, genitive noun -> doors

κεκλεισμένων -> perfect, middle, participial, feminine, plural, genitive verb -> being shut

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἔστη -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> stood

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> in

τὸ -> neuter, singular, accusative article -> the

μέσον -> neuter, singular, accusative noun -> midst

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

εἶπεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> said

εἰρήνη -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> peace

ὑμῖν -> second person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> to you

The meaning of this verse is,

And after eight days his disciples were again inside, and Thomas with them.  The doors being shut, Jesus came and stood in the midst and said, “Peace to you.”

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  So the Other Disciples Told Him They Had Seen the Lord

The text is, “ἔλεγον οὖν αὐτῷ οἱ ἄλλοι μαθηταί· ἑωράκαμεν τὸν κύριον. ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· ἐὰν μὴ ἴδω ἐν ταῖς χερσὶν αὐτοῦ τὸν τύπον τῶν ἥλων καὶ βάλω τὸν δάκτυλόν μου εἰς τὸν τύπον τῶν ἥλων καὶ βάλω μου τὴν χεῖρα εἰς τὴν πλευρὰν αὐτοῦ, οὐ μὴ πιστεύσω”.

ἔλεγον -> third person, plural, imperfect, active, indicative verb -> told

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> so

αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> him

οἱ -> masculine, plural, nominative article -> the

ἄλλοι -> masculine, plural, nominative, demonstrative adjective -> other

μαθηταί -> masculine, plural, nominative noun -> disciples

ἑωράκαμεν -> first person, plural, perfect, active, indicative verb -> they had seen

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the

κύριον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> Lord

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH*

δὲ -> coordinating conjunction -> but

εἶπεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> he said

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, dative pronoun -> to them

ἐὰν -> subordinating conditional conjunction -> unless

μὴ -> negative particle -> no | not NRIEH

ἴδω -> first person, singular, present, active, subjunctive verb -> I should see

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

ταῖς -> feminine, plural, dative article -> the NRIEH

χερσὶν -> feminine, plural, dative noun -> hands

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the

τύπον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> mark

τῶν -> masculine, plural, genitive article -> of the

ἥλων -> masculine, plural, genitive noun -> nails

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

βάλω -> first person, singular, aorist, active, subjunctive verb -> I should place

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

δάκτυλόν -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> finger

μου -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun -> my

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> Into

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the

τύπον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> mark

τῶν -> masculine, plural, genitive article -> of the

ἥλων -> masculine, plural, genitive noun -> nails

καὶ ->  coordinating additive conjunction -> and

βάλω -> first person, singular, aorist, active, subjunctive verb -> I should place

μου -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun -> my

τὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

χεῖρα -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> finger

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> into

τὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

πλευρὰν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> side

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

οὐ -> negative particle ->never | not NRIEH

μὴ -> negative particle -> not

πιστεύσω -> first person, singular, aorist, active, subjunctive verb -> I should believe

The meaning of this verse is,

So the other disciples told him they had seen the Lord, but he said to them, “Unless I should see in his hands the mark of the nails, and I should place my finger into the mark of the nails, and I should place my finger into his side, I should not believe.”

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  Now Thomas, One of the Twelve, Being Called Didymus, Was not with Them When Jesus Came

The text is, “Θωμᾶς δὲ εἷς ἐκ τῶν δώδεκα, ὁ λεγόμενος Δίδυμος, οὐκ ἦν μετ’ αὐτῶν ὅτε ἦλθεν Ἰησοῦς”.

Θωμᾶς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Thomas

δὲ -> coordinating conjunction -> now

εἷς -> masculine, singular, nominative, cardinal adjective -> one

ἐκ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> of

τῶν -> masculine, plural, genitive article -> the

δώδεκα -> masculine, plural, genitive, cardinal adjective -> twelve

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

λεγόμενος -> present, passive, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> one being called

Δίδυμο -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Didymus

οὐκ -> negative particle -> not

ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb -> was

μετ’ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> with

αὐτῶν -> third person, personal,masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> them

ὅτε -> subordinating temporal conjunction -> when

ἦλθεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> came

Ἰησοῦς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Jesus

The meaning of this verse is,

Title:  If You Should Forgive the Sins of Any, They are Forgiven.  If of Any You Should Withhold, They are Withheld

The text is, “ἄν τινων ἀφῆτε τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἀφέωνται αὐτοῖς, ἄν τινων κρατῆτε κεκράτηνται”.

ἄν -> subordinating conditional conjunction -> if

τινων -> masculine, plural, genitive, indefinite pronoun -> of any

ἀφῆτε -> second person, plural, aorist, active, subjunctive verb -> you should forgive

τὰς -> feminine, plural, accusative article -> the

ἁμαρτίας -> feminine, plural, accusative noun -> sins

ἀφέωνται -> third person, plural, perfect, passive, indicative verb -> they are forgiven

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, dative pronoun -> them

ἄν -> subordinating conditional conjunction -> if

τινων -> masculine, plural, genitive, indefinite pronoun -> of any

 κρατῆτε -> second person, plural, aorist, active, subjunctive verb -> you should withhold

κεκράτηνται -> third person, plural, perfect, passive, indicative verb -> they are withheld

The meaning of this verse is,

If you should forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven.  If you should withhold of any, they are withheld.”

Title:  And Having Said This He Breathed on and Said to Them, “You Receive Holy Spirit.”

The text is, “εἰπὼν ἐνεφύσησεν καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· λάβετε πνεῦμα ἅγιον”.

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

τοῦτο -> neuter, singular, accusative, demonstrative pronoun -> this

εἰπὼν -> aorist, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> having said

ἐνεφύσησεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> he breathed on

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

λέγει -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> says CER said

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, dative pronoun -> to them

λάβετε -> second person, plural, present, active, imperative verb -> you receive

πνεῦμα -> neuter, singular, accusative noun -> Spirit

ἅγιον -> neuter, singular, accusative adjective -> Holy

The meaning of this verse is,

And having said this, he breathed on and said to them, “You receive Holy Spirit.”

*CER:  indicates a non-literal, but good translation.  In the first example here, the verb “λέγει” is present tense, which in the indicative mood often can be rendered in the aorist tense, since it expresses linear action not in the present but at some point in the past.  The designation CER is equivalent to “Contextual English Rendering”.

Title:So Jesus Said to Them Again, “Peace to You”

The text is, “εἶπεν οὖν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς πάλιν εἰρήνη ὑμῖν καθὼς ἀπέσταλκέν με ὁ πατήρ κἀγὼ πέμπω ὑμᾶς”.

εἶπεν -> third person, singular, aorist, indicative verb -> said

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> so

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, masculine, plural,dative pronoun -> to them

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH*

Ἰησοῦς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Jesus

πάλιν -> adverb -> again

εἰρήνη -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> peace

ὑμῖν -> second person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> to you

καθὼς -> subordinating comparative conjunction -> just as

ἀπέσταλκέν -> third person, singular, perfect, active, indicative verb -> sent

με -> first person, personal, singular, accusative pronoun -> me

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

πατήρ -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> Father

κἀγὼ -> crasis of “καὶ” (coordinating conjunction)  and “‘έγω” (first person, personal, singular, nominative pronoun) -> and I | now I

πέμπω -> first person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> send

ὑμᾶς -> second person, personal, plural, accusative pronoun -> you

The meaning of this verse is,

So Jesus said to them again, “Peace be to you.  Just as the Father sent me, now I send you.”

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  And Having Said This He Showed His Hands and Side to Them

The text is, “καὶ τοῦτο εἰπὼν ἔδειξεν τὰς χεῖρας καὶ τὴν πλευρὰν αὐτοῖς. ἐχάρησαν οὖν οἱ μαθηταὶ ἰδόντες τὸν κύριον”.

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

τοῦτο -> neuter, singular, accusative, demonstrative pronoun -> this

εἰπὼν -> aorist, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> having said

ἔδειξεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> he showed

τὰς -< feminine, plural, accusative article -> the NRIEH*

χεῖρας -> feminine, plural, accusative noun -> hands

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

τὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

πλευρὰν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun ->side

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, dative pronoun -> to them

ἐχάρησαν -> third person, plural, aorist, passive, indicative verb -> rejoiced

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> so

οἱ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

μαθηταὶ -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> disciples

ἰδόντες -> aorist, active, participial, masculine, plural, nominative verb -> they had been seeing

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the

κύριον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> Lord

The meaning of this verse is,

And having said this he showed his hands and side to them.  So the disciples rejoiced!  They had been seeing the Lord!

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  So Being Evening the First Day That Week and The Doors Having Been Locked

The text is, “Οὔσης οὖν ὀψίας τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ τῇ μιᾷ σαββάτων καὶ τῶν θυρῶν κεκλεισμένων ὅπου ἦσαν οἱ μαθηταὶ διὰ τὸν φόβον τῶν Ἰουδαίων, ἦλθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ ἔστη εἰς τὸ μέσον καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· εἰρήνη ὑμῖν”.

Οὔσης -> present, participial, feminine, singular, genitive verb -> being

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> so

ὀψίας -> feminine, singular, genitive noun -> evening

τῇ -> feminine, singular, dative article -> the NRIEH*

ἡμέρᾳ -> feminine, singular, dative noun -> day

ἐκείνῃ -> feminine, singular, dative, demonstrative pronoun -> that

τῇ -> feminine, singular, dative article -> the

μιᾷfeminine, singular, dative, cardinal adjective -> first

σαββάτων -> neuter, plural, genitive noun -> week

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

τῶν -> feminine, plural, genitive article -> the

θυρῶν -> feminine, plural, genitive noun -> doors

κεκλεισμένων -> perfect, passive, participial, feminine, plural, genitive verb -> having been locked

ὅπου -> adverb of place -> where

ἦσαν -> third person, perfect, imperfect, indicative verb -> were

οἱ -> masculine, plural, nominative article -> the

μαθηταὶ -> masculine, plural, nominative noun -> disciples

διὰ -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> because of

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the

φόβον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> fear

τῶν -> masculine, plural, genitive article -> of the

Ἰουδαίων -> masculine, plural, genitive, proper noun -> Jews

ἦλθεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> came

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

Ἰησοῦς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Jesus

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἔστη -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> stood

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> in

τὸ -> neuter, singular, accusative article -> the

μέσον -> neuter, singular, accusative noun -> midst

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

λέγει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> says CER** said

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, accusative pronoun -> to them

εἰρήνη -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> peace

ὑμῖν -> second person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> to you

The meaning of this verse is,

So being evening the first day that week, and the doors having been locked where the disciples were because of the fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood in the midst and said, “Peace to you.”

**CER:  indicates a non-literal, but good translation.  In the first example here, the verb “λέγει” is present tense, which in the indicative mood often can be rendered in the aorist tense, since it expresses linear action not in the present but at some point in the past.  The designation CER is equivalent to “Contextual English Rendering”.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  Mary Magdalene went Announcing to the Disciples that She had Seen the Lord

The text is, “Ἔρχεται Μαριὰμ ἡ Μαγδαληνὴ ἀγγέλλουσα τοῖς μαθηταῖς ὅτι ἑώρακα τὸν κύριον καὶ ταῦτα εἶπεν αὐτῇ”.

Ἔρχεται -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> goes CER*  went

Μαριὰμ -> feminine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Mary

ἡ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH**

Μαγδαληνὴ -> feminine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Magdalene

ἀγγέλλουσα -> present, active, participial, feminine, singular, nominative verb -> announcing

τοῖς -> masculine, plural, dative article -> to the

μαθηταῖς -> masculine, plural, dative noun -> disciples

ὅτι -> subordinating complementary conjunction -> that

ἑώρακα -> first person, singular, perfect, active, indicative verb -> she had seen

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the

κύριον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> Lord

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ταῦτα -> neuter, plural, accusative, demonstrative pronoun -> the things

εἶπε -> third person, singular, aorist, active,indicative verb -> he said

αὐτῇ -> third person, personal, feminine, singular, dative pronoun -> to her

The meaning of this verse is,

Mary Magdalene went announcing to the disciples that she had seen the Lord, and the things he said to her.

*CER:  indicates a non-literal, but good translation.  In the example here, the verb “Ἔρχεται” is present tense, which in the indicative mood often can be rendered in the aorist tense, since it expresses linear action not in the present but at some point in the past.  The designation CER is equivalent to “Contextual English Rendering”.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.