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Γράφω ὑμῖν, τεκνία, ὅτι ἀφέωνται ὑμῖν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι διὰ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ (I John 2:12)

Title:  I Write to You, Dear Children, Because You Have Been Forgiven Your Sins Through His Name

The text is, “Γράφω ὑμῖν, τεκνία ὅτι ἀφέωνται ὑμῖν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι διὰ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ”.

Γράφω -> first person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> I write

ὑμῖν -> second person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> to you

τεκνία -> neuter, plural, vocative noun -> dear children

ὅτι -> subordinating causative conjunction -> because

ἀφέωνται -> third person, plural, perfect, passive, indicative verb -> have been forgiven

ὑμῖν -> second person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> your

αἱ -> feminine, plural, nominative article -> the NRIEH

ἁμαρτίαι -> feminine, plural, nominative noun -> sins

διὰ -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> through | because of

τὸ -> neuter, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

ὄνομα -> neuter, singular, accusative noun -name

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

The meaning of this verse is,

I write to you, dear children, because you sins have been forgiven through his name.

ὁ δὲ μισῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστὶν (I John 2:11)

Title:  But The One Hating His Brothers is In the Darkness

The text is, “ὁ δὲ μισῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστὶν καὶ ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ περιπατεῖ καὶ οὐκ οἶδεν ποῦ ὑπάγει, ὅτι ἡ σκοτία ἐτύφλωσεν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ”.

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

δὲ -> coordinating conjunction -> but

μισῶν -> present, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> one hating

τὸν -> masculine, plural, accusative article -> the NRIEH

ἀδελφὸν -> masculine, plural, accusative noun -> brothers

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

τῇ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the

σκοτίᾳ -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> darkness

ἐστὶν -> third person, singular, present, indicative verb -> is

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

τῇ -> feminine, singular, dative article -> the

σκοτίᾳ -> feminine, singular, dative noun -> darkness

περιπατεῖ -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> walks

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

οὐκ -> negative particle -> not

οἶδεν -> third person, singular, perfect, active, indicative verb -> does know

ποῦ -> interrogative particle -> where

ὑπάγει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> he goes

ὅτι -> subordinating causative conjunction -> because

ἡ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the

σκοτία -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> darkness

ἐτύφλωσεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> has blinded

τοὺς -> masculine, plural, accusative article -> the NRIEH

ὀφθαλμοὺς -> masculine, plural, accusative noun -> eyes

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

The meaning of this verse is,

But the one hating his brothers is in the darkness, and walks in the darkness and does not know where he goes, because the darkness has blinded his eyes.

ὁ ἀγαπῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ φωτὶ μένει, καὶ σκάνδαλον ἐν αὐτῷ οὐκ ἔστιν (I John 2:10)

Title:  The One Loving His Brothers Abides in the Light and No Cause of Scandal is in Him

The text is, “ὁ ἀγαπῶν τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ φωτὶ μένει, καὶ σκάνδαλον ἐν αὐτῷ οὐκ ἔστιν”.

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

ἀγαπῶν -> present, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> one loving

τὸν -> masculine, plural, accusative article -> the NRIEH

ἀδελφὸν -> masculine, plural, accusative noun -> brothers

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

τῷ -> masculine, singular, dative article -> the

φωτὶ -> masculine, singular, dative noun -> light

μένει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> abides | stays | remains

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

σκάνδαλον -> neuter, singular, nominative noun -> cause of scandal | misery | impediment | offense

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> him

οὐκ -> negative particle -> not

ἔστιν -> third person, singular, present, indicative verb -> is

The meaning of this verse is,

The one loving his brothers abides in the light and no cause of scandal is in him.

Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτὶ εἶναι καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστὶν ἕως ἄρτι (I John 2:9)

Title:  The One Claiming to Be in The Light, and Hating His Brother, is Up Until Now in Darkness

The text is, “Ὁ λέγων ἐν τῷ φωτὶ εἶναι καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ μισῶν ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ ἐστὶν ἕως ἄρτι”.

Ὁ -> masculine, singular,nominative article -> the

λέγων -> present, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> one claiming

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

τῷ -> neuter, singular, dative article -> the

φωτὶ -> neuter, singular, dative noun -> light

εἶναι -> present, infinitive verb -> to be

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

ἀδελφὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> brother

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

μισῶν -> present, active, participial, masculine singular, nominative verb -> hating

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

τῇ -> feminine, singular, dative article -> the NRIEH

σκοτίᾳ -> feminine, singular, dative noun -> darkness

ἐστὶν -> third person, singular, present, indicative verb -> is

ἕως -> improper preposition taking the genitive if it has an object word; there is no object word here -> up until | still

ἄρτι -> temporal adverb -> now

The meaning of this verse is,

The one claiming to be in the light, and hating his brother, is up until now in darkness.

πάλιν ἐντολὴν καινὴν γράφω ὑμῖν ὅ ἐστιν ἀληθὲς ἐν αὐτῷ καὶ ἐν ὑμῖν (I John 2:8)

Title:  Further, The New Commandment I Write to You, Which is True in Me and in You

The text is, “πάλιν ἐντολὴν καινὴν γράφω ὑμῖν ὅ ἐστιν ἀληθὲς ἐν αὐτῷ καὶ ἐν ὑμῖν, ὅτι ἡ σκοτία παράγεται καὶ τὸ φῶς τὸ ἀληθινὸν ἤδη φαίνε”.

πάλιν -> adverb -> further

ἐντολὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> commandment

καινὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative adjective -> new

γράφω -> first person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> I write

ὑμῖν -> second person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> to you

ὅ -> neuter, singular, nominative, definite, relative pronoun -> which

ἐστιν -> third person, singular, present, indicative verb -> is

ἀληθὲς -> neuter, singular, nominative adjective -> true

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

αὐτῷ -> first person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> me

καὶ -> coordinating conjunction -> and

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

ὑμῖν -> second person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> you

ὅτι -> subordinating causative conjunction -> so that

ἡ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the

σκοτία -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> darkness

παράγεται -> third person, singular, present, passive, indicative verb -> is carried away

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

τὸ -> neuter, singular, nominative article -> the

φῶς -> neuter, singular, nominative noun -> light

τὸ -> neuter, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

ἀληθινὸν -> neuter, singular, nominative adjective -> true

ἤδη -> temporal adverb -> now | already

φαίνε -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> shines | appears

The meaning of this verse is,

Further, the new commandment I write to you, which is true in me and in you, that the darkness is carried away, and the light already shines.

Αγαπητοί, οὐκ ἐντολὴν καινὴν γράφω ὑμῖν (I john 2:7)

Title:  Beloved, I do not Write a New Commandment to You

The text is, “Αγαπητοί, οὐκ ἐντολὴν καινὴν γράφω ὑμῖν ἀλλ’ ἐντολὴν παλαιὰν ἣν εἴχετε ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς· ἡ ἐντολὴ ἡ παλαιά ἐστιν ὁ λόγος ὃν ἠκούσατε”.

Αγαπητοί -> masculine, plural, vocative, verbal adjective -> beloved

οὐκ -> negative particle -> no

ἐντολὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> a commandment

καινὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative adjective -> new

γράφω -> first person, singular, present, active -indicative verb -> I do write

ὑμῖν -> second person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> to you

ἀλλ’ -> coordinating adversative conjunction -> but

ἐντολὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> commandment

παλαιὰν -> feminine, singular, accusative adjective -> an old

εἴχετε -> second person, plural, imperfect, active, indicative verb -> you have had

ἣν -> feminine, singular, accusative, relative pronoun -> that

ἀπ’ – preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> from

ἀρχῆς -> feminine, singular, genitive noun -> beginning

ἡ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the

ἐντολὴ -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> commandment

ἡ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the

παλαιά -> feminine, singular, nominative adjective -> old

ἐστιν -> third person, singular, present, indicative verb -> is

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

λόγος -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> word

ὃν -> masculine, singular, accusative, definite, relative pronoun -> that

ἠκούσατε -> second person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> you heard

The meaning of this verse is,

Beloved, I do not write a new commandment to you, but an old commandment that you have had from the beginning.  The old commandment is the word that you heard.