(John 1:32,

Greek title: Καὶ ἐμαρτύρησεν Ἰωάννης λέγων ὅτι τεθέαμαι τὸ πνεῦμα καταβαῖνον ὡς περιστερὰν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ

Title: And John Witnessed, Saying, “Because I Saw the Spirit Descending From Heaven”

The text is, “Καὶ ἐμαρτύρησεν Ἰωάννης λέγων ὅτι τεθέαμαι τὸ πνεῦμα καταβαῖνον ὡς περιστερὰν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἔμεινεν ἐπ’ αὐτόν

“Καὶ” is a coordinating additive conjunction meaning “and”.

“ἐμαρτύρησεν” is a third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb meaning “witnessed”.

“Ἰωάννης” is a third person, singular, masculine, nominative, proper noun meaning “John”.

“λέγων” is a present, active,participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb meaning “saying”.

“ὅτι” is a recitative, subordinating conjunction meaning “because”.

“τεθέαμαι” is a first person, singular, perfect, middle, indicative verb meaning “I saw”.

“τὸ” is a neuter, singular, accusative article meaning “the”.

“πνεῦμα” is a neuter, singular, accusative noun meaning “spirit”.

“καταβαῖνον” is a present, active, participial, neuter, singular, accusative verb meaning “descending”.

“ὡς” is a particle meaning “like”.

“περιστερὰν” is a feminine, singular, accusative noun meaning “a , dove”.

“ἐξ” is a preposition taking the genitive for its object word and meaning “from”.

“οὐρανοῦ” is a masculine, singular, genitive noun meaning “heaven”.

“καὶ” is a coordinating additive conjunction meaning “and”.

“ἔμεινεν” is a third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb meaning “it remained”

“ἐπ” is a preposition taking the accusative for its object word and meaning “on” or “upon”.

“αὐτόν” is a third person, personal, masculine singular, accusative pronoun meaning “him”.

The meaning of this verse is,

“And John witnessed, saying, “Because I saw the spirit descending from heaven and it remained on him.”

Title: This is For Whom I Said, “After Me Comes a Man Who Was Before Me

The text is, “οὗτός ἐστιν ὑπὲρ οὗ ἐγὼ εἶπον· ὀπίσω μου ἔρχεται ἀνὴρ ὃς ἔμπροσθέν μου γέγονεν, ὅτι πρῶτός μου ἦν”

οὗτός -> masculine, singular, nominative, demonstrative pronoun-> this

ἐστιν ->singular, present, indicative verb-> is

ὑπὲρ -> preposition taking the genitive in its object word, -> for

οὗ -> definite, relative, masculine, singular genitive pronoun-> whom

ἐγὼ -> first person, personal, singular, nominative pronoun-> I

εἶπον -> first person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb-> said

ὀπίσω -> improper preposition taking the genitive for its object word, -> after

μου -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun-> me

ἔρχεται -> third person, singular, middle, indicative verb-> comes

ἀνὴρ -> masculine, singular, nominative noun-> a man

ὃς -> definite, relative, masculine, singular, nominative pronoun-> who

ἔμπροσθέν -< improper preposition taking the genitive for its object word, -> before

μου -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun-> me

γέγονεν -> third person, singular, perfect, active, indicative verb-> was

ὅτι -> subordinating conjunction-> because

πρῶτός -> masculine, singular, nominative, ordinal adjective-> before

μου -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun-> me

ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb-> he was

This is for whom I said, “After me comes a man who was before me, because he was before me.”

 Title: The Next Day He Sees Jesus Coming Toward Him

The text is, “Τῇ ἐπαύριον βλέπει τὸν Ἰησοῦν ἐρχόμενον πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ λέγει· ἴδε ὁ ἀμνὸς τοῦ θεοῦ ὁ αἴρων τὴν ἁμαρτίαν τοῦ κόσμου”

Τῇ -> feminine, singular, dative article -> the

ἐπαύριον -> temporal adverb -> next day

βλέπει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> sees CER* saw

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH**

Ἰησοῦν -> masculine, singular, accusative, proper noun -> Jesus

ἐρχόμενον is  present, middle, participial, masculine, singular, accusative verb -> coming

πρὸς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word, -> toward

αὐτὸν -> third person, personal, singular, masculine, accusative pronoun -> him

καὶ -> coordinating conjunction -> and

λέγει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> says CER said

ἴδε -> interjection -> Look!

ὁ -> masculine, singular,nominative article -> the

ἀμνὸς -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> lamb

τοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive article -> the NRIEH

θεοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive noun -> of God

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> who

αἴρων -> present, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> takes away

τὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative article -> the

ἁμαρτίαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> sin

τοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive article -> of the

κόσμου -> masculine, singular, genitive noun -> world

The meaning of this verse is,

The next day he saw Jesus coming toward him and said, “Look! The Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of the world!”

*CER:  indicates a non-literal, but good translation.  In the first example here, the verb “ἔρχεται” is present tense, which in the indicative mood often can be rendered in the aorist tense, since it expresses linear action not in the present but at some point in the past.  The designation CER is equivalent to “Contextual English Rendering”.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  These Things Took Place in Bethany Across the Jordan, Where John Was Baptizing

The text is, “ταῦτα ἐν Βηθανίᾳ ἐγένετο πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου, ὅπου ἦν ὁ Ἰωάννης βαπτίζω”.

ταῦτα -> neuter, plural, nominative, demonstrative pronoun -> this or these things

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word and -> in

Βηθανίᾳ -> feminine, singular, dative, proper noun -> Bethany

ἐγένετο -> third person, singular, aorist, middle, indicative verb -> happened

πέραν -> n improper preposition taking the genitive for its object word, and -> across

τοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive article -> the

Ἰορδάνου -> masculine, singular, genitive, proper noun -> Jordan

ὅπου -> n adverb of place -> where

ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb -> was

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH*

Ἰωάννης -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> John

βαπτίζων -> present, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> baptizing

The meaning of this verse is,

These things took place in Bethany across the Jordan, where John was baptizing.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title: Who After Me Comes, of Whom I Am Not Worthy That I Might Loosen the Strap of His Sandal

The text is, “ὁ ὀπίσω μου ἐρχόμενος, οὗ οὐκ εἰμὶ [ἐγὼ] ἄξιος ἵνα λύσω αὐτοῦ τὸν ἱμάντα τοῦ ὑποδήματος”

ὁ is a masculine, singular, nominative article,-> who

ὀπίσω is an improper preposition taking the genitive for its object word → after

μου is a first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun → me

ἐρχόμενος is a present, middle, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb → comes

οὗ is a relative, definite, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun → who

οὐκ is a negative particle → not

εἰμὶ is a first person, singular, present, indicative verb -> am

[ἐγὼ] is a first person, personal, singular, nominative pronoun → I

ἄξιος is a masculine, singular, nominative adjective → worthy

ἵνα is a subordinating conjunction of result -> so that

λύσω is a first person, singular, aorist, active, subjunctive verb → I might loosen

αὐτοῦ is a third person, personal, singular, masculine, genitive pronoun → of his

τὸν is a masculine, singular, accusative article → the

ἱμάντα is a masculine, singular, accusative noun → strap

τοῦ is a neuter, singular, genitive article → the NRIEH*

ὑποδήματος is a neuter, singular, genitive noun ->sandal

who after me comes, whom I am not worthy that I might loosen the strap of his sandal.”

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

John Answered Them Saying, “I Baptize with Water”

“ἀπεκρίθη” is a third person, aorist, active, indicative verb meaning “he answered”.

“αὐτοῖς” is a third person, personal, masculine, plural, dative pronoun meaning “them”.

“ὁ” is a third person, masculine, singular, nominative article meaning “the” NRIEH*

“Ἰωάννης” is a masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun meaning “John”.

“λέγων” is a present, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb meaning “saying”.

“ἐγὼ” is a first person, personal, singular, nominative pronoun meaning “I”.

“βαπτίζω” is a first person, singular, present, active, indicative verb meaning “baptize”.

“ἐν” is a preposition taking the dative for its object word, and means “with” or “in”.

“ὕδατι” is a neuter, singular, dative noun meaning “water”.

“μέσος” is a masculine, singular, nominative adjective meaning “among”.

“ὑμῶν” is a second person, personal, plural, genitive pronoun meaning “you”.

“ἕστηκεν” is a third person, singular, perfect, active, indicative verb meaning “stands”.

“ὃν” is a relative, definite, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun meaning “who”.

“ὑμεῖς” is a second person, personal, singular, nominative pronoun meaning “you”.

“οὐκ” is a negative particle meaning “not”.

“οἴδατε” is a second person, plural, active, indicative verb meaning “do know”.

The sense of this clause is “among you stands who you do not know.”

John answered them saying, “I baptize with water.  Among you stands who you do not know,”

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title: And They Asked Him and Said to Him, “So Why Are You Baptizing’

The text is, “καὶ ἠρώτησαν αὐτὸν καὶ εἶπαν αὐτῷ· τί οὖν βαπτίζεις εἰ σὺ οὐκ εἶ ὁ χριστὸς οὐδὲ Ἠλίας οὐδὲ ὁ προφήτης”.

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἠρώτησαν -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> -> they asked

αὐτὸν -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> him

καὶ -> coordinating additive -> conjunction -> and

εἶπαν -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> said

αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> to him

τί -> neuter, singular, accusative, interrogative pronoun -> why

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> so

βαπτίζεις -> second person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> are you baptizing

εἰ -> conditional subordinating conjunction -> if

σὺ -> second person, personal, singular, nominative pronoun -> you

οὐκ -> negative particle -> neither

εἶ -> second person, singular, present, indicative verb -> are

ὁ -> -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

χριστὸς -> masculine, singular nominative noun -> Christ

οὐδὲ -> disjunctive coordinating conjunction -> nor

Ἠλίας -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Elijah

οὐδὲ -> disjunctive coordinating conjunction -> nor

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

προφήτης -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> prophet

So they asked him and said to him, “So why are you baptizing if you are neither Elijah nor the prophet?”

Title:  Now These Were Being Sent by the Pharisees

The text is, “Καὶ ἀπεσταλμένοι ἦσαν ἐκ τῶν Φαρισαίων”

Καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> now

ἀπεσταλμένοι -> perfect, passive or middle, participial, masculine, plural, nominative verb -> being sent

ἦσαν -> third person, plural, imperfect, indicative verb these -> these were

ἐκ’ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> from

τῶν -> masculine, plural, genitive article -> the

Φαρισαίων -> masculine, plural, genitive, proper noun -> Pharisees

The of this verse is

Now these were being sent from the Pharisees.