Title:  For the Law Was Given Through Moses, Grace and Truth Came to Be Through Jesus Christ

The text is, “ὅτι ὁ νόμος διὰ Μωϋσέως ἐδόθη, ἡ χάρις καὶ ἡ ἀλήθεια διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐγένετο”

ὅτι -> subordinating conjunction of causation -> for

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

νόμος -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> law

διὰ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word-> through

Μωϋσέως -> masculine, singular, genitive, proper noun -> Moses

ἐδόθη -> third person, singular, aorist, passive, indicative verb -> was given

ἡ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH*

χάρις -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> grace

καὶ -> coordinating conjunction -> and

ἡ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

ἀλήθεια -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> truth

διὰ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word and -> through

Ἰησοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive, proper noun -> Jesus

Χριστοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive noun -> Christ

ἐγένετο -> third person, singular, aorist, middle, indicative verb -> came to be

The meaning of this verse is,

For the law was given through Moses; grace and truth came to be through Jesus Christ.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  And the Word Because Flesh and Dwelt Among us

The text is, “Καὶ ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο καὶ ἐσκήνωσεν ἐν ἡμῖν καὶ ἐθεασάμεθα τὴν δόξαν αὐτοῦ δόξαν ὡς μονογενοῦς παρὰ πατρός, πλήρης χάριτος καὶ ἀληθείας”.

Καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

λόγος -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> word

σὰρξ -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> flesh | body

ἐγένετο -> third person singular, aorist, middle, indicative verb -> became | made himself

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἐσκήνωσεν third person singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> dwelt | had h-> bode

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative, or indirect object, for its object word, -> among | with

ἡμῖν -> first person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> us

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἐθεασάμεθα -> first person plural, aorist, middle, indicative verb -> we saw

τὴν -> feminine, singular, accusative (direct object) article -> whose

δόξαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> glory

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

δόξαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> glory

ὡς -> particle -> as | like

μονογενοῦς -> masculine, singular, genitive adjective -> of the only begotten

παρὰ -> preposition taking the genitive case for its object word, -> from

πατρός -> singular, masculine, genitive noun -> the Father

πλήρης -> feminine, singular, nominative adjective -> full

χάριτος -> feminine, singular, genitive noun -> of grace

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἀληθείας -> feminine, singular, genitive noun -> truth

The meaning of this verse is,

And the word became flesh and dwelt among us, whose glory we saw, his glory as of the only begotten from the Father, full of grace and truth.

Title:  For Out of the Fullness of His Grace, We All Received Grace Even Upon Grace

The text is, “ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ πληρώματος αὐτοῦ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἐλάβομεν καὶ χάριν ἀντὶ χάριτος”.

ὅτι -> subordinating conjunction of causation -> for

ἐκ -> preposition taking the genitive to its object word -> out of

τοῦ -> neuter, singular, genitive article -> the NRIEH*

πληρώματος -> neuter, singular, genitive noun -> fullness

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> of his

πάντες -> masculine, plural, nominative adjective -> all

ἐλάβομεν -> first person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> we received

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> even

χάριν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> grace|

ἀντὶ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word → upon

χάριτος -> feminine, singular, genitive noun -> grace,

The meaning of this verse is,

For out of the fullness of his grace, we all received grace even upon grace.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  John Witnessed About Him and Cried Out

The text is, “Ἰωάννης μαρτυρεῖ περὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ κέκραγεν λέγων· οὗτος ἦν ὃν εἶπον· ὁ ὀπίσω μου ἐρχόμενος ἔμπροσθέν μου γέγονεν, ὅτι πρῶτός μου ἦν”.

Ἰωάννης -> third person, masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> John

μαρτυρεῖ -> third person, present, active, indicative verb -> witnesses CER* witnessed

περὶ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word, -> about | respecting, | concerning

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, singular, masculine, genitive pronoun -> him

καὶ -> coordinating conjunction -> and

κέκραγεν -> third person singular, perfect, active, indicative verb -> cries out CER cried out

λέγων -> present active participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> saying

οὗτος -> masculine, singular, nominative, demonstrative pronoun -> this

ἦν -> third person, singular, perfect, indicative verb -> was

ὃν -> definite, relative, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> whom

εἶπον -> first person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> I said

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> who

ὀπίσω is an improper preposition taking the genitive in its object, -> after

μου -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun -> me

ἐρχόμενος -> present, middle, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> comes

ἔμπροσθέν is an improper preposition taking the genitive to its object word -> before

μου -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun -> me

γέγονεν-> third person singular, perfect, active, indicative verb -> arose

ὅτι -> subordinating conjunction of causation -> because

πρῶτός -> masculine, singular, nominative, ordinal adjective -> first | before

μου -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun -> me

ἦν -> third person, singular, perfect, indicative verb -> he was

The meaning of this verse is,

John witnessed about him and cried out, “This was whom I said, ‘He who comes after me arose before me.’, because he was before me.”

*CER:  indicates a non-literal, but good translation.  In the first example here, the verb “μαρτυρεῖ” is present tense, which in the indicative mood often can be rendered in the aorist tense, since it expresses linear action not in the present but at some point in the past.  The designation CER is equivalent to “Contextual English Rendering”.

Title:  Who, Not of Blood, Nor of Will of Flesh, Nor of Will of Man, But Out of God, Created

The text is, “οἳ οὐκ ἐξ αἱμάτων οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος σαρκὸς οὐδὲ ἐκ θελήματος ἀνδρὸς ἀλλ’ ἐκ θεοῦ ἐγεννήθησαν”.

οἳ -> definite relative pronoun, masculine, plural, nominative pronoun -> who

οὐκ -> negative particle -> not

ἐξ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> of

αἱμάτων -> neuter, plural, genitive noun -> blood

οὐδὲ -> disjunctive coordinating conjunction -> nor

ἐξ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> of

θελήματος -> neuter, singular, genitive noun -> of will

σαρκὸς -> neuter, singular, genitive noun -> of flesh

οὐδὲ -> disjunctive coordinating conjunction -> nor

ἐκ -> as preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> of

θελήματος -> neuter, singular, genitive noun -> will

ἀνδρὸς -> masculine, singular, genitive noun -> man

ἀλλ’ -> adversative coordinating conjunction -> but | rather | on the contrary

ἐκ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> from NRIEH*

θεοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive noun -> God

ἐγεννήθησαν -> third person, plural, aorist, passive, indicative verb -> created

The -> of this verse is, 

Who, not of blood, nor of will of flesh, nor of will of man, but of God, created.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  But to as Many as Received Him, He Gave Authority to Become Children of God

The text is, “ὅσοι δὲ ἔλαβον αὐτόν ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν τέκνα θεοῦ γενέσθαι τοῖς πιστεύουσιν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ”.

ὅσοι -> masculine, plural, nominative, correlative pronoun -> as many as

δὲ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> but

ἔλαβον -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> received

αὐτόν -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> him

ἔδωκεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active,indicative verb -> he gave

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, dative pronoun -> to them

ἐξουσίαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> authority | power

τέκνα -> neuter, plural, accusative noun -> children

θεοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive noun -> of God

γενέσθαι -> aorist, middle, infinitive verb -> to become

τοῖς -> masculine, plural, dative article -> to the

πιστεύουσιν -> present, active, participial, masculine, plural, dative verb -> ones believing

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> in

τὸ -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH*

ὄνομα -> neuter, singular, accusative noun -> name

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

The meaning of this verse is,

But to as many as received him, he gave authority to the ones believing in his name to become children of God.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  He Came to His Own, and His Own Did Not Receive Him

The text is, “εἰς τὰ ἴδια ἦλθεν, καὶ οἱ ἴδιοι αὐτὸν οὐ παρέλαβον”.

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> to

τὰ -> neuter, plural, accusative article -> the NRIEH

ἴδια -> neuter, plural, accusative adjective -> his own

ἦλθεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> he came

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

οἱ -> masculine, plural, nominative article -> the NRIEH

ἴδιοι -> masculine, plural, nominative noun -> his own

αὐτὸν -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> him

οὐ -> negative particle -> not

παρέλαβον -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> did receive

The meaning of this verse is,

He came to his own, and his own did not receive him.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  He Was in The World, and the World Through Him Was Created, and The World Did Not Know Him

The text is, “ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ ἦν καὶ ὁ κόσμος δι’ αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο καὶ ὁ κόσμος αὐτὸν οὐκ ἔγνω”.

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

τῷ -> masculine, singular, dative article -> the

κόσμῳ -> masculine, singular, dative noun -> world

ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb -> he was

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and | yet | but

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

κόσμος -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> world

δ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> through

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> him

ἐγένετο -> third person, singular, aorist, middle, indicative verb -> was created

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

κόσμος -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> world

αὐτὸν -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> him

οὐκ -> negative particle -> not

ἔγνω -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> did know

The meaning of this verse is,

He was in the world, and the world through him was created, and the world did not know him.

Title:  The True Light, Which Gives Light to All Humankind, Was Coming Into the World

The text is, “Ἦν τὸ φῶς τὸ ἀληθινόν, ὃ φωτίζει πάντα ἄνθρωπον, ἐρχόμενον εἰς τὸν κόσμον”.

Ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb -> was

τὸ -> neuter, singular, nominative article -> the

φῶς -> neuter, singular, nominative noun -> light

τὸ -> neuter, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH*

ἀληθινόν -> neuter, singular, nominative adjective -> true

ὃ -> neuter, singular, nominative, definite, relative pronoun ->which

φωτίζει ->third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> gives light to

πάντα -> masculine, singular, accusative adjective -> all

ἄνθρωπον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> humankind

ἐρχόμενον -> present, singular, participial, neuter, singular, nominative verb -> coming

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> into

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the

κόσμον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> world

The meaning of this verse is,

The true light, which gives light to all humankind, was coming into the world.

*NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.

Title:  He Was Not the Light, But So That He Might Bear Witness Concerning the Light

The text is, “οὐκ ἦν ἐκεῖνος τὸ φῶς, ἀλλ’ ἵνα μαρτυρήσῃ περὶ τοῦ φωτός”.

οὐκ -> negative particle -> not

ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb -> was

ἐκεῖνος -> masculine, singular, nominative, demonstrative pronoun -> he

τὸ ->neuter, singular, nominative article -> the

φῶς -> neuter, singular, nominative noun -> light

ἀλλ’ -> coordinating adversative conjunction -> but

 -> subordinating purposive conjunction -> so that

μαρτυρήσῃ -> third person, singular, aorist, active, subjunctive verb -> he might bear witness

περὶ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> concerning | about

τοῦ -> neuter, singular, genitive article -> the

φωτός -> neuter, singular, genitive noun -> light

The meaning of this verse is,

He was not the light, but so that he might bear witness concerning the light.