Category Archives: New Testament Translation

ἐκραύγασαν οὖν ἐκεῖνοι· ἆρον ἆρον, σταύρωσον αὐτόν (John 19:15)

Title:  Thereupon they Cried Out, “This One, Take Away, Take Away, You Crucify Him!”

The text is, “ἐκραύγασαν οὖν ἐκεῖνοι ἆρον ἆρον σταύρωσον αὐτόν λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Πιλᾶτος τὸν βασιλέα ὑμῶν σταυρώσω ἀπεκρίθησαν οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς οὐκ ἔχομεν βασιλέα εἰ μὴ Καίσαρα”.

ἐκραύγασαν -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> they cried out

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> thereupon

ἐκεῖνοι -> masculine, plural, nominative, demonstrative pronoun -> this one

ἆρον -> second person, singular, aorist, active, imperative verb -> take away

ἆρον -> second person, singular, aorist, active, imperative verb -> take away

σταύρωσον -> second person, singular, aorist, active, imperative verb -> you crucify

αὐτόν -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> him

λέγει -< third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> said

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, plural, dative pronoun -> to them

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

Πιλᾶτος -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Pilate

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

βασιλέα -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> king

ὑμῶν -> second person, personal, plural, genitive pronoun -> your

σταυρώσω -> first person, singular, aorist, active, subjunctive verb ->I should crucify

ἀπεκρίθησαν -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> answered

οἱ -> masculine, plural, nominative article -> the

ἀρχιερεῖς -> masculine, plural, nominative noun -> priests

οὐκ -> negative particle -> no | not

ἔχομεν -> first person, plural, present, active, indicative verb -> we have

βασιλέα -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> king

εἰ -> subordinating conditional conjunction -> but

μὴ -> negative particle -> not NRIEH

Καίσαρα -> masculine, singular, accusative, proper noun -> Caesar

The meaning of this verse is,

Thereupon they cried out, “This one, take away take away, you crucify him!”  Pilate said to them, “Should I crucify your king?”  The priests answered, “We have no king but Caesar!”

ἦν δὲ παρασκευὴ τοῦ πάσχα (John 19:14)

Title:  It Was Now Preparation Day of Passover

The text is, “ἦν δὲ παρασκευὴ τοῦ πάσχα ὥρα ἦν ὡς ἕκτη καὶ λέγει τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ἴδε ὁ βασιλεὺς ὑμῶν”.

ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb -> it was

δὲ -> coordinating conjunction -> now

παρασκευὴ -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> preparation day

τοῦ -> neuter, singular, genitive article -> of

πάσχα -> neuter, singular, genitive noun -> passover

ὥρα -> feminine, singular,nominative noun -> hour

ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb -> it was

ὡς -> indefinite particle -> about

ἕκτη -> feminine, singular, nominative, ordinal adjective -> sixth

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

λέγει -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> he said

τοῖς -> masculine, plural, dative pronoun -> to the

Ἰουδαίοις -> masculine, plural, dative, proper noun -> Jews

ἴδε -> interjection -> look!  pay attention!

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

βασιλεὺς -> masculine, singular, nominative noun -> king

ὑμῶν -> second person, personal, plural, genitive pronoun -> your

The meaning of this verse is,

Now it was preparation day of passover.  It was about sixth hour, and he said to the Jews, “Look!  Pay Attention!  Your king!”

ὁ οὖν Πιλᾶτος ἀκούσας τῶν λόγων τούτων ἤγαγεν ἔξω (John 19:13)

Title:  So Pilate, Having Heard These Words, Brought Jesus Out

The text is, “ὁ οὖν Πιλᾶτος ἀκούσας τῶν λόγων τούτων ἤγαγεν ἔξω τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἐπὶ βήματος εἰς τόπον λεγόμενον Λιθόστρωτον, Ἑβραϊστὶ δὲ Γαββαθα”.

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> so

Πιλᾶτος -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Pilate

ἀκούσας -> aorist, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> having heard

τῶν -> masculine, plural, genitive article -> the NRIEH

λόγων -> masculine,plural, genitive noun -> words

τούτων -> masculine, plural, genitive, demonstrative pronoun -> these

ἤγαγεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> brought

ἔξω -> adverb of place -> out

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

Ἰησοῦν -> masculine, singular, accusative, proper noun -> Jesus

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἐκάθισεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> sat down

ἐπὶ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> on

βήματος -> neuter, singular, genitive noun -> a judgment seat

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> in

τόπον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> a place

λεγόμενον -> present, passive,participial, masculine  singular, accusative verb -> being called

Λιθόστρωτον  -> neuter, singular, accusative, proper noun -> Pavement

Ἑβραϊστὶ -> proper adverb -> in Aramaic | in Hebrew

δὲ -> coordinating conjunction -> but

Γαββαθα -> neuter, singular, accusative, proper noun -> Gabbatha

The meaning of this verse is,

So Pilate, having heard these words, brought Jesus out, and sat down on a judgment seat in a place being called Pavement, but in Aramaic Gabbatha.

Ἐκ τούτου ὁ Πιλᾶτος ἐζήτει ἀπολῦσαι αὐτόν (John 19:12)

Title:  From This Pilate Desired to Release Him

The text is, “Ἐκ τούτου ὁ Πιλᾶτος ἐζήτει ἀπολῦσαι αὐτόν οἱ δὲ Ἰουδαῖοι ἐκραύγασαν λέγοντες· ἐὰν τοῦτον ἀπολύσῃς οὐκ εἶ φίλος τοῦ Καίσαρος πᾶς ὁ βασιλέα ἑαυτὸν ποιῶν ἀντιλέγει τῷ Καίσαρι”.

Ἐκ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> from

τούτου -> neuter, singular, genitive, demonstrative pronoun -> this

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

Πιλᾶτος -> masculine, singular,nominative, proper noun ->Pilate

ἐζήτει -> third person, imperfect, active, indicative verb -> desired

ἀπολῦσαι -> aorist, active, infinitive verb -> to release

αὐτόν -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> him

οἱ -> masculine, plural, nominative article -> the

δὲ -> coordinating conjunction -> but

Ἰουδαῖοι -> masculine, plural, nominative, proper noun -> Jews

ἐκραύγασαν -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> shouted out

λέγοντες -> present, active, participial, masculine, plural, nominative verb -> saying

ἐὰν -> subordinating conditional conjunction -> if

τοῦτον -> masculine, singular, accusative, demonstrative pronoun -> this one

ἀπολύσῃς -> second person, singular, aorist, active, subjunctive verb -> you should release

οὐκ -> negative particle -> no | not

εἶ -> second person, singular, present, indicative verb -> you are

φίλος -> masculine, singular, nominative adjective -> friend

τοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive article -> the NRIEH

Καίσαρος -> masculine, singular, genitive, proper noun -> Caesar

πᾶς -> masculine, singular, nominative adjective -> everyone who

ὁ -> masculine, singular,nominative article -> the NRIEH

βασιλέα -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> a king

ἑαυτὸν -> third person, masculine, singular, accusative, reflexive pronoun -> himself

ποιῶν -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> makes

ἀντιλέγει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> speaks against

τῷ -> masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> the NRIEH

Καίσαρι -> masculine, singular, dative, proper noun -> Caesar

The meaning of this verse is,

From this, Pilate desired to release him, but the Jews shouted out, saying, “If you should release this one, you are no friend of Caesar.  Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar.”

ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ Ἰησοῦς οὐκ εἶχες ἐξουσίαν κατ’ ἐμοῦ οὐδεμίαν εἰ μὴ ἦν δεδομένον σοι ἄνωθεν (John 19:11)

Title:  Jesus Answered Him, “You Have No Authority Over Me Unless it Was Being Given to You From Above

The text is, “ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῷ Ἰησοῦς οὐκ εἶχες ἐξουσίαν κατ’ ἐμοῦ οὐδεμίαν εἰ μὴ ἦν δεδομένον σοι ἄνωθεν διὰ τοῦτο ὁ παραδούς μέ σοι μείζονα ἁμαρτίαν ἔχει”

ἀπεκρίθη -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> answered

αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> him

Ἰησοῦς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Jesus

οὐκ -> negative particle -> no | not

εἶχες -> second person, singular, imperfect, active, indicative verb -> you have

ἐξουσίαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> authority

κατ’ -> preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> over

ἐμοῦ -> first person, personal, singular, genitive pronoun -> me

οὐδεμίαν -> feminine, singular, accusative, indefinite adjective -> nothing NRIEH

εἰ -> coordinating conditional conjunction -> unless

μὴ -negative particle -> not

ἦν -> third person, singular, imperfect, indicative verb -> it was

δεδομένον -> perfect, passive, participial, neuter, singular, nominative verb -> being given

σοι -> second person, personal, singular, dative pronoun -> to you

ἄνωθεν -> adverb of place -> from above

διὰ -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> because of

τοῦτο -> neuter, singular, accusative, demonstrative pronoun -> this

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the

παραδούς -> aorist, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> one having delivered  over

μέ -> first person, personal, singular, accusative pronoun -> me

σοι -> second person, personal, singular, dative pronoun -> to you

μείζονα -> feminine, singular, accusative, comparative adjective -> greater

ἁμαρτίαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> sin

ἔχει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> has

The meaning of this verse is,

Jesus answered him, “You have no authority over me, unless it was being given to you from above.  Because of this, the one having delivered me over to you has the greater sin.”

λέγει οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ Πιλᾶτος· ἐμοὶ οὐ λαλεῖς (John 19:10)

Title:  So Pilate Said to Him, “You Do Not Speak to Me?”

The text is, “λέγει οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ Πιλᾶτος· ἐμοὶ οὐ λαλεῖς; οὐκ οἶδας ὅτι ἐξουσίαν ἔχω ἀπολῦσαί σε καὶ ἐξουσίαν ἔχω σταυρῶσαί σε”.

λέγει -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> said

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> so

αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> to him

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

Πιλᾶτος -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Pilate

ἐμοὶ -> first person, personal, singular, dative pronoun -> to me

οὐ -> negative particle -> not

λαλεῖς -> second person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> you do speak

οὐκ -> negative particle -> not

οἶδας -> second person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> you do know

ὅτι -> subordinating complementary conjunction -> that

ἐξουσίαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> authority

ἔχω -> first person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> I have

ἀπολῦσαί -> aorist, active, infinitive verb -> to release

σε -> second person, personal, singular, accusative pronoun -> you

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

ἐξουσίαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> authority

ἔχω -> first person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> I have

σταυρῶσαί -> aorist, active, infinitive verb -> to crucify

σε -> second person, personal, singular, accusative pronoun -> you

The meaning of this verse is,

So Pilate said to him, “You do not speak to me?  Do you not know that I have authority to release you, and I have authority to crucify you?”

καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον πάλιν (John 19:9)

Title:  And He Entered Into the Praetorium Again

The text is, “καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸ πραιτώριον πάλιν καὶ λέγει τῷ Ἰησοῦ· πόθεν εἶ σύ; ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἀπόκρισιν οὐκ ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ”.

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

εἰσῆλθεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> he entered

εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> into

τὸ -> neuter, singular, accusative article -> the

πραιτώριον -> neuter, singular, accusative noun -> praetorium

πάλιν -> adverb  -> again

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

λέγει -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> said

τῷ -> masculine, singular, dative article -> the NRIEH

Ἰησοῦ -> masculine, singular, dative, proper noun -> to Jesus

πόθεν -> interrogative particle – from where

εἶ -> second person, singular, present, indicative verb -> are

σύ -> second person, personal, singular, nominative pronoun -> you

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

δὲ -> coordinating conjunction -> but

Ἰησοῦς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Jesus

ἀπόκρισιν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> answer

οὐκ -> negative particle -> no

ἔδωκεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> gave

αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> to him

The meaning of this verse is,

And he entered into the praetorium again and said to Jesus, “From where are you?”  But Jesus gave him no answer.

Οτε οὖν ἤκουσεν ὁ Πιλᾶτος τοῦτον τὸν λόγον, μᾶλλον ἐφοβήθη (John 19:8)

Title:  Then When Pilate Heard This Message He Feared More

The text is, “Οτε οὖν ἤκουσεν ὁ Πιλᾶτος τοῦτον τὸν λόγον, μᾶλλον ἐφοβήθη”.

Οτε -> temporal adverb -> when

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> then

ἤκουσεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> heard

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

Πιλᾶτος -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Pilate

τοῦτον -> masculine, singular, accusative, demonstrative pronoun -> this

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH

λόγον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> statement | message

μᾶλλον -> comparative adverb -> more

ἐφοβήθη -> third person, singular, aorist,active, indicative verb -> feared

The meaning of this verse is,

Then when Pilate heard this message he feared more.

ἀπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι· ἡμεῖς νόμον ἔχομεν καὶ κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὀφείλει ἀποθανεῖν (John 19:7)

Title:  The Jews Answered Him, “We Have a Law, and According to the Law He Ought to Die.”

The text is, “ἀπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι· ἡμεῖς νόμον ἔχομεν καὶ κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὀφείλει ἀποθανεῖν, ὅτι υἱὸν θεοῦ ἑαυτὸν ἐποίησεν”.

ἀπεκρίθησαν -> third person, plural, aorist, passive, indicative verb -> answered

αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> him

οἱ -> third person, plural, nominative article -> the

Ἰουδαῖοι -> third person, plural, nominative, proper noun -> Jews

ἡμεῖς ->first person, personal, plural, nominative pronoun -> we

νόμον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> a law

ἔχομεν -> first person, plural, present, active, indicative verb -> have

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

κατὰ -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> according to

τὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative article -> the

νόμον -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> law

ὀφείλει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> he ought

ἀποθανεῖν -> aorist, active, infinitive verb -> to die

ὅτι -> subordinating causative conjunction -> because

υἱὸν -> masculine, singular, accusative noun -> son

θεοῦ -> masculine, singular, genitive noun -> of God

ἑαυτὸν -> third person, masculine, singular, accusative, reflexive pronoun ->himself

ἐποίησεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> he made

The meaning of this verse is,

The Jews said  to him, “We have a law, and according to the law, he ought to die because he made himself son of God.”

Οτε οὖν εἶδον αὐτὸν οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ ὑπηρέται ἐκραύγασαν (John 19:6)

Title:  Then, When the Priests and the Officers Saw Him They Shouted Out

The text is, “Οτε οὖν εἶδον αὐτὸν οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ οἱ ὑπηρέται ἐκραύγασαν λέγοντες σταύρωσον σταύρωσον λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Πιλᾶτος λάβετε αὐτὸν ὑμεῖς καὶ σταυρώσατε ἐγὼ γὰρ οὐχ εὑρίσκω ἐν αὐτῷ αἰτίαν”.

Οτεsubordinating temporal conjunction -> when

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> then

εἶδον -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> saw

αὐτὸν -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> him

οἱ -> masculine, plural, nominative article -> the

ἀρχιερεῖς -> masculine, plural, nominative noun -> priests

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

οἱ -> masculine, plural, nominative article -> the

ὑπηρέται -> masculine, plural, nominative noun -> officers | assistants | servants

ἐκραύγασαν -> third person, plural, aorist, active, indicative verb -> they shouted out

λέγοντες -> present, active, participial, masculine, singular, nominative verb -> crying

σταύρωσον -> second person, singular, present, active, imperative verb -> you crucify

σταύρωσον -> second person, singular, present, active, imperative verb -> you crucify

λέγει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> said

αὐτοῖς -> third person, personal, masculine, plural, dative pronoun ->  to them

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH

Πιλᾶτος -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Pilate

λάβετε -> second person, plural, aorist, active, imperative verb -> you take

αὐτὸν -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, accusative pronoun -> him

ὑμεῖς -> second person, personal, plural, nominative pronoun -> yourselves

καὶ -> coordinating additive conjunction -> and

σταυρώσατε -> second person, plural, aorist, active, imperative verb -> you crucify

ἐγὼ -> first person, personal, singular, nominative pronoun -> I

γὰρ -> coordinating explanatory conjunction -> for

οὐχ -> negative particle -> no | not

εὑρίσκω -> first person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> discover | find

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative pronoun -> him

αἰτίαν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> guilt | blame

The meaning of this verse is,

Then, when the priests and the officers saw him they shouted out, crying, “You crucify!  You crucify!”  Pilate said to them, “You take him yourselves and you crucify , for I discover no guilt in him!”