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Title -> So He Came to the Town of Samaria
The text is, “Ἔρχεται οὖν εἰς πόλιν τῆς Σαμαρείας λεγομένην Συχὰρ πλησίον τοῦ χωρίου ὃ ἔδωκεν Ἰακὼβ [τῷ] Ἰωσὴφ τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ”.
Ἔρχεται -> third person, singular, present, middle, indicative verb -> he comes CER* he came
οὖν -> inferential coordinating conjunction -> so
εἰς -> preposition taking the accusative for its object word -> into
πόλιν -> feminine, singular, accusative noun -> town
τῆς -> feminine, singular, genitive article -> of the NRIEH**
Σαμαρείας -> feminine, singular, genitive, proper noun -> Samaria
λεγομένην -> present, passive, participial, feminine, singular, accusative verb -> being called
Συχὰρ -> feminine, singular, accusative, proper noun -> Sychar
πλησίον -> improper preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> near
τοῦ -> neuter, singular, genitive article -> the
χωρίου -> neuter, singular, genitive article -> field
ὃ -> neuter, singular, accusative, definite, relative pronoun -> that
ἔδωκεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> gave
Ἰακὼβ -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Jacob
[τῷ] -> masculine, singular, dative article -> the NRIEH
Ἰωσὴφ -> masculine, singular, dative, proper noun -> to Joseph
τῷ -> masculine, singular, dative article -> the NRIEH
υἱῷ -> masculine, singular, dative noun -> son
αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his
The meaning of this verse is,
So he came into the town of Samaria being called Sychar near the field which Jacob gave to his son Joseph.”
*CER: indicates a non-literal, but good translation. In the first example here, the verb “Ἔρχεται” is present tense, which in the indicative mood often can be rendered in the aorist tense, since it expresses linear action not in the present but at some point in the past. The designation CER is equivalent to “Contextual English Rendering”.
**NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.
Ἔρχεται οὖν εἰς πόλιν τῆς Σαμαρείας (John 4:5) by Dennis Glover is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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