Πολλὰ μὲν οὖν καὶ ἄλλα σημεῖα ἐποίησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦ ἐνώπιον τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ (John 20:30)

The estimated reading time for this post is 79 seconds

Title:  So Indeed Now Jesus Did Many Other Proofs in the Presence of His Disciples

The text is, “Πολλὰ μὲν οὖν καὶ ἄλλα σημεῖα ἐποίησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦ ἐνώπιον τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ ἃ οὐκ ἔστιν γεγραμμένα ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ τούτῳ”.

Πολλὰ -> neuter, plural, accusative adjective -> many

μὲν -> particle -> indeed

οὖν -> coordinating inferential conjunction -> so

καὶ -> adverb -> now

ἄλλα -> neuter, plural, accusative, demonstrative adjective -> other

σημεῖα -> neuter, plural, accusative noun -> signs | proofs

ἐποίησεν -> third person, singular, aorist, active, indicative verb -> did

ὁ -> masculine, singular, nominative article -> the NRIEH*

Ἰησοῦς -> masculine, singular, nominative, proper noun -> Jesus

ἐνώιον -> improper preposition taking the genitive for its object word -> in the presence of

τῶν -> masculine, plural, genitive article -> the NRIEH

μαθητῶν -> masculine, plural, genitive noun -> disciples

αὐτοῦ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, genitive pronoun -> his

ἃ -> neuter, plural, nominative, definite, relative pronoun -> which

οὐκ -> negative particle -> not | no

ἔστιν -> third person, singular, present, indicative verb -> is CER** are

γεγραμμένα -> perfect, passive, participial, neuter, plural, nominative verb – being written

ἐν -> preposition taking the dative for its object word -> in

τῷ -> neuter, singular, dative article -> the NRIEH

βιβλίῳ -> neuter, singular, dative noun -> book

τούτῳ ->- neuter, singular, dative article, demonstrative pronoun -> this

The meaning of this verse is,

So indeed now Jesus did many other proofs in the presence of his disciples, which are not being written in this book.

**CER:  indicates a non-literal, but good translation.  In the first example here, the verb “ἔρχεται” is present tense, which in the indicative mood often can be rendered in the aorist tense, since it expresses linear action not in the present but at some point in the past.  The designation CER is equivalent to “Contextual English Rendering”.

Πολλὰ μὲν οὖν καὶ ἄλλα σημεῖα ἐποίησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦ ἐνώπιον τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ (John 20:30) by Dennis Glover is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.