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Title -> The Woman Said to Him, Lord
The text is, “Λέγει αὐτῷ [ἡ γυνή]· κύριε, οὔτε ἄντλημα ἔχεις καὶ τὸ φρέαρ ἐστὶν βαθύ· πόθεν οὖν ἔχεις τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ ζῶν”.
Λέγει -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> says CR* said
αὐτῷ -> third person, personal, masculine, singular, dative verb -> to him
ἡ -> feminine, singular, nominative article -> the
γυνή -> feminine, singular, nominative noun -> woman’
κύριε -> masculine, singular, vocative noun -> Lord or Sir
οὔτε -> disjunctive coordinating conjunction -> not even
ἄντλημα -> neuter, singular, accusative noun -> a bucket or a vessel
ἔχεις -> third person, singular, present, active, indicative verb -> you have
καὶ -> coordinating conjunction -> and
τὸ -> neuter, singular, nominative article -> the
φρέαρ -> neuter, singular, nominative noun -> well
ἐστὶν -> third person, singular, present, indicative verb -> is
βαθύ -> neuter, singular, nominative adjective -> deep
πόθεν -> interrogative particle -> from where
οὖν -> inferential coordinating conjunction -> therefore
ἔχεις -> second person, present, active, indicative verb -> you do get
τὸ -> neuter, singular, accusative article -> the
ὕδωρ -> neuter, singular, accusative noun -> water
τὸ -> neuter, singular, accusative article -> the NRIEH**
ζῶν -> present, active, participial, neuter, singular, accusative verb -> living
The meaning of this verse is,
The woman said to him,
“Sir, not even a bucket do you have, and the well is deep. Thus, from where do you get the living water?”
*CER: indicates a non-literal, but good translation. In the first example here, the verb “ἔρχεται” is present tense, which in the indicative mood often can be rendered in the aorist tense, since it expresses linear action not in the present but at some point in the past. The designation CER is equivalent to “Contextual English Rendering”.
**NRIEH: For the sake of clarity the word is translated into English, but to avoid such odd constructions as applying a definite article (“the”) to a substantive sufficiently determined by its being a proper noun, or by the use of a qualifier other than the definite article. An example would be the basic translation “Peter said to the Jesus”; the word “the” is completely unnecessary. There are many examples of this in the New Testament. The designation NRIEH is equivalent to “Not Rendered Into English Here”.
Λέγει αὐτῷ [ἡ γυνή]· κύριε (John 4:11) by Dennis Glover is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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